A tentative list of issues to self-discipline of "actual HIV infection"
Monday, 03 January 2022 02:00 | Written by Infection | 
| 
| 
| |
Methodology of conducting an examination on discipline "urgent problems of HIV-infection", students 6th year
The exam is conducted after the completion of the classes provided by the curriculum. Students who do not have academic debts and scored at least 72 points for current progress are admitted to the exam (current achievement is 72-120 points).
Current control is carried out on every practical lesson. The current control corresponds to the specific goals of the topic and contains standardized forms of theoretical training control and control of professional skills. Current control includes assessment of the level of knowledge (testing conducted online with self-training), oral or written express survey, test control using test tasks), assessment of the main stage of practical training (control of professional skills during the management of patients, the solution of typical high-level situational tasks complexity), assessment of the final level of knowledge in the class (solving situational problems of level III complexity, interpretation of the results of laboratory and other methods of patient examination).
The form of the final module control of the discipline includes the control of theoretical training (using standardized tasks, test tasks) and control of professional skills (situational tasks of level III) in accordance with the program.
The structure of final module control:
1. Test computer control - maximum score of 20 points.
2. 2. Written work - situational task and the answer to theoretical questions - 60 points.An example of writing work:
1 Patient V., 19 years old, student. He turned to a clinic doctor with complaints about an increase in cervical lymph nodes, which is already marked for 3 months. Objective: skin of normal color, body temperature is normal, the condition is satisfactory. Traces of intravenous injections on the hands. The posterior, supraclavicular and elbow lymph nodes are enlarged to 1 cm, axillary - up to 1.5 cm in diameter, dense, elastic, painless.
1 a. Formulate a clinical diagnosis.
1 b. Assign a study to confirm the diagnosis with the expected changes.
1 in. Assign etiotropic and pathogenetic therapy, mandatory prescribing. Standards for answers to a situational task
1. HIV infection. Clinical stage І, persistent generalized lymphadenopathy.
2. General blood test (normocytosis with relative lymphomonocytosis, atypical mononuclear up to 10 % cells), immunological studies (decrease in the total number of T-lymphocytes in the blood, especially T-helper cells 500 in 1 ml, T-killers; decrease in the ratio of CD4 + / CD8 +;significant increase in IgA , G, E, D; decreased chemotaxis of lymphocytes), virological methods (detection of viral RNA in a pseudymilane chain reaction), serological reactions (immuno-enzyme and radioimmune assays; immunoblotting ("western-blot") confirms the diagnosis in the detection of anti-viral antigens and p41 and p110).
Observations at the AIDS-prevention center with a quarterly review and determination of the amount of CD4, viral load, and the detection of opportunistic infections. With a decrease in CD4 cells below 400 μl, the purpose of antiretroviral therapy (in vivo). Points for discipline for students who have successfully completed a discipline program are converted into a traditional four-point scale using absolute criteria as follows:200-170 points - 5 (credited);
169.9-140 points - 4 (credited);
139.9-120 points - 3 (credited);
119.9 points and below - 2 (not credited)
Content module 1. Opportunistic infections in HIV / AIDS
Ø Chronic viral hepatitis: etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, classification, clinical course, laboratory diagnosis, differential diagnosis, principles of treatment, prognosis. Ø The concept of the meningeal syndrome, the factors that cause it. Ø The concept of meningitis and meningoencephalitis. Ø Differential diagnosis of meningitis and meningoencephalitis. Ø Meningococcal infection: classification, clinical course, laboratory diagnosis, differential diagnosis, complications, treatment principles different clinical forms, Prehospital emergency, especially prevention. Ø Tick-borne encephalitis: features of the course, laboratory diagnosis, differential diagnosis, complications, prognosis, principles of treatment and prevention. Ø Edema, swelling of the brain: definition, pathogenesis, classification, clinical and laboratory diagnosis, treatment guidelines, emergency Prehospital. Ø Differential diagnosis of oral lesions of infectious and non-infectious nature. Ø Diphtheria: modern classification, clinical course, laboratory diagnosis, differential diagnosis, complications, treatment, principles of immunization. Ø Strep throat: etiology, pathogenesis, classification, clinical course, laboratory diagnosis, differential diagnosis, complications, treatment, prevention principles of complications of acute rheumatic fever. Ø Vincent Angina (fuzospirohetoz): etiology, pathogenesis, classification, clinical course, laboratory diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment. Ø Differential diagnosis of lesions of the salivary glands in the clinic of infectious diseases. Epidemic parotitis: classification, clinical course, the peculiarities of adults, laboratory diagnosis, differential diagnosis, complications, treatment, disease measures. Ø Differential diagnosis exanthema in clinical infectious diseases. Ø Meningococcal as a distinct clinical form of meningococcal disease, the clinical differential diagnosis. Ø Typhoid fever, paratyphoid A and B, epidemic typhoid fever, generalized pseudotuberculosis: differential diagnosis. Ø ITSH: definition, pathogenesis, classification, clinical and laboratory diagnosis, treatment guidelines, emergency assistance to the hospital stage. Ø Measles: clinical course, the peculiarities of adults, laboratory diagnosis, differential diagnosis, complications, treatment, disease measures, principles of immunization. Ø Rubella: clinical picture peculiarities of adults, laboratory diagnosis, differential diagnosis, complications, treatment, disease measures, principles congenital rubella immunization. Ø The concept of TORCH-infections: characteristics, clinical and laboratory diagnosis. Principles of inspection and prevention. Ø Scarlet fever: specific differential diagnosis. Ø Classification of herpes viruses rights. General characteristics of herpesvirus diseases. Ø Herpetic infection: classification, clinical course, laboratory diagnosis, differential diagnosis, complications, treatment, prevention. Ø Chickenpox. Herpes zoster. Clinical course, laboratory diagnosis, differential diagnosis, complications, treatment, prevention. Ø Infectious mononucleosis: classification, clinical course, laboratory diagnosis, differential diagnosis, complications, treatment. Ø Cytomegalovirus infection: clinical course, laboratory diagnosis, differential diagnosis, complications, treatment, prevention. Ø Other representatives of human herpes viruses. The main clinical features of the disease that differentiate them. Ø Peculiarities of herpesvirus infections in patients with HIV / AIDS. Ø Anaphylaxis in the clinic of infectious diseases: pathogenesis, classification, clinical features, differential diagnosis, emergency aid. Ø Serum disease in clinical infectious diseases: pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, differential diagnosis, emergency aid. Ø Tactics physician in identifying patients with infectious diseases governed by the International Health Regulations. Ø Plague: classification, peculiarities of the pulmonary form, laboratory diagnosis, differential diagnosis, complications, prognosis, treatment and prevention. Procedure for hospitalization of patients with pneumonic plague, rules discharge of patients with infectious hospital. Preventive measures in the hearth. Ø Tularemia, differential diagnosis of plague. Ø Yellow fever: clinical course, laboratory diagnosis, differential diagnosis, complications, prognosis, treatment, disease measures, principles of immunization. Ø Polio is caused by wild poliovirus, the current state of the problem. Immunization. Ø West Nile fever: etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, classification, clinical course, laboratory diagnosis, differential diagnosis, complications, prognosis, treatment and prevention. Ø Sepsis: definition, pathogenesis, classification, clinical course, laboratory diagnosis, differential diagnosis, principles of treatment and prevention. Procedure of hospitalization, general discharge of patients from hospital. Ø The concept of fever of unknown origin syndrome . Algorithm for patient examination. Brucellosis as part of a syndrome of fever of unknown origin, especially the differential diagnosis. Ø Nosocomial infections: general characteristics, clinical course, diagnosis, principles of treatment and prevention. Ø Prion disease: clinical description of diseases included in this group.Content module 2. Problems of HIV infection
Ø Epidemiology of HIV infection in Ukraine and abroad. Regulations to prevent the spread of HIV and social protection. Social consequences of HIV infection. Ø Etiology and pathogenesis of HIV infection, the classification stages of the disease. Expanded definition of AIDS cases in adults and adolescents. Classification of clinical stages, criteria for the diagnosis major and minor. Ø The role of HIV in shaping lymphadenopathy syndrome, differential diagnosis of this syndrome. Ø HIV infection: laboratory diagnosis, especially its findings, differential diagnosis, complications, treatment guidelines. Psychological foundations of communication with patients. Principles and approaches to the treatment of patients with HIV infection. General characteristics of the group of drugs used in the treatment of HIV infection. Ø General and specific prevention of HIV infection. Precautions and Labour doctor to prevent HIV infection of medical workers. Safety in invasive manipulation. Measures in case of contamination by infectious materials in the workplace. Weather, Procedure of admission, lab. examination or clinical examination. Ø HIV-associated infection and disease: clinical course, laboratory and instrumental diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment guidelines.List of professional skills
Ø To be able to substantiate previous clinical diagnosis of the most common infectious diseases with airborne, fecal-oral mechanism of transmission of viral hepatitis. Ø To be able to recognize complications and emergency conditions in patients with the most common infectious diseases of airborne, fecal-oral mechanism of transmission, viral hepatitis. Ø To be able to recognize and enterotoxic and enteroinvasive character of diarrhea. Ø To be able to assign inspection plan for patients with the most common infectious diseases of droplets, fecal-oral mechanism of transmission, acute forms of viral hepatitis. Ø To be able to conduct clinical differential diagnosis of intestinal infections with diarrheal syndrome. Ø To be able to conduct clinical differential diagnosis of respiratory infections. Ø To be able to conduct a differential diagnosis of typical and atypical pneumonia. Ø To be able to conduct clinical differential diagnosis of viral hepatitis, jaundice. Ø To provide a clinical and laboratory differential diagnosis of infectious diseases with airborne, fecal-oral mechanism of transmission, acute and chronic viral hepatitis. Ø Appoint a rational treatment of patients with infectious diseases from airborne, fecal-oral mechanism of transmission, viral hepatitis at various stages of care. Ø To be able to provide emergency care to patients with infectious disease from airborne, fecal-oral mechanism of transmission, viral hepatitis. Ø Plan basic preventive measures of infectious diseases with airborne, fecal-oral mechanism of transmission, viral hepatitis. Ø To be able to substantiate early clinical diagnosis of the most common blood infections, infectious diseases from wound and multiple mechanisms of transmission and HIV infection. Ø To be able to recognize complications and emergency conditions in patients with blood infections, infectious diseases from wound and multiple mechanisms of transmission and HIV infection. Ø To be able to assign inspection plan for patients with the most common blood infection, infectious diseases from wound and multiple mechanisms of transmission. Ø Provide clinical and laboratory differential diagnosis of the most important blood infections, infectious diseases from wound and multiple mechanisms of transmission and HIV. Ø Appoint a rational treatment for patients with blood infections, infectious diseases from wound and multiple mechanisms of transmission and HIV infection. Ø To be able to provide emergency care to patients with blood infections, infectious diseases from wound and multiple mechanisms of transmission and HIV infection. Ø Plan basic preventive measures to the most urgent blood infections, infectious diseases from wound and multiple mechanisms of transmission. Ø Conduct general and individual prevention of transmission of HIV.
Last Updated (Monday, 03 January 2022 08:22)